Data Sources

Indicator Health ingests 60+ public datasets from CMS, HHS, FDA, and other federal agencies. Below are the primary sources organized by category.

Quality & Safety

CMS Hospital Compare

Overall star ratings, patient experience (HCAHPS), mortality, readmissions, safety, and timely care measures for 5,000+ hospitals.

Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI)

Standardized infection ratios for CLABSI, CAUTI, SSI, MRSA, and C. diff from the CDC/NHSN.

Patient Safety Indicators (PSI-90)

AHRQ composite measure of in-hospital complications and adverse events.

Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program

Excess readmission ratios for AMI, heart failure, pneumonia, COPD, hip/knee replacement, and CABG.

Financial & Cost

CMS Cost Reports

Annual financial filings (form 2552-10) with revenue, expenses, margins, and payer mix for every Medicare-certified hospital.

Hospital Price Transparency (MRF)

Machine-readable files published by hospitals under the Price Transparency Rule — negotiated rates by payer and plan.

Medicare Inpatient & Outpatient Claims

Aggregate DRG-level volume, charges, and payments for inpatient stays and outpatient procedures.

Workforce & Leadership

NPPES (NPI Registry)

National provider identifiers linking physicians and other clinicians to practice locations.

Medicare Physician & Other Supplier

Utilization and payment data for individual physicians billing Medicare, linked to hospital affiliations.

Open Payments

Industry payments (general, research, ownership) from drug and device manufacturers to physicians — linked to hospitals via NPI affiliations.

CMS Provider Enrollment

Facility affiliations tying physician NPIs to hospital CCNs.

Technology & Operations

ONC Health IT Certified Products

Electronic health record adoption, vendor, and certification data for hospitals and health systems.

AHA Annual Survey (IT Supplement)

Hospital-level technology adoption indicators including telehealth, interoperability, and EHR capabilities.

Regulatory & Compliance

FDA 510(k) & Device Registrations

Medical device clearances and product codes linked to facilities, enabling device-level analysis per hospital.

Medicare Provider of Services

Enrollment, certification status, bed counts, and ownership type for every Medicare-participating facility.

CMS Penalties & Payment Adjustments

Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program (HACRP) and Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) adjustment factors.

All source data is publicly available. Pipelines run on a regular refresh cadence — typically quarterly for CMS datasets and daily for price transparency files.